Chapter 3: Common skin, ear and dental problems and when to see a vet

Skin trouble is one of the most frequent reasons owners bring pets in. Allergies, flea bites, fungal infections and mites can all cause itching, redness, hair loss, hot spots or recurring ear problems. Because our humidity encourages yeast and bacterial growth, skin and ear issues can worsen quickly — head shaking, scratching at the ears, dark waxy discharge or an unpleasant smell are signs to get checked rather than to treat with leftover cream from the cupboard.

Dental disease develops gradually: bad breath, yellow-brown tartar along the gumline, red or bleeding gums, drooling and reluctance to chew hard food all suggest it is time for a professional cleaning and assessment. Untreated dental disease can affect the jaw and even the heart, kidneys and liver, so prevention through regular brushing and dental chews plus routine checks makes a real difference.

See a vet promptly if you notice rapid or severe changes, swelling around the face or eyes, discharge from the eyes or nose, persistent vomiting, difficulty breathing, collapse, or pain that stops your pet eating. When in doubt, an early visit is never wrong.

Brush your pet's teeth regularly and provide appropriate dental care products
Check ears weekly for redness, odour or discharge, and clean gently as advised
Inspect the skin and coat after walks for ticks, burrs, wounds or parasites
Seek veterinary care for itching that persists, head shaking, or any bleeding
Practical check: note one change you can make this week.
Local context: adapt the advice to your home, climate and routine in Malaysia.